Redundancies

Redundancy refers to repeating the same thing again within the same sentence.

Redundancies often creep into our language, be it in speaking or writing. 

Redundancy makes the meaning confusing, and can change the meaning or can give wrong meaning, and can also make your reader/ listener think that you are bad at the English Language.

For Example, Look at the sentence below:

'The ATM machine is out of order.' (This is a wrong sentence because it is a redundant sentence)

(Explanation: "ATM" stands for "Automated Teller Machine," so saying "ATM machine" is redundant because "machine" is already part of the acronym "ATM.")

So, Redundancy in English refers to the use of words or phrases that are unnecessary because their meaning is already conveyed by other words in the sentence. 

Redundancy involves repeating the same idea, making the expression longer than needed. 

Remember this: Reducing redundancy helps make writing clearer and more concise.

Here are a few examples:

1. Redundant: "In my personal opinion, I think that we should leave."

   • Explanation: "In my personal opinion" is redundant because "I think" already indicates a personal opinion.
   • Right Sentence: "I think that we should leave."

2. Redundant: "Bhairava returned back to the house."

   • Explanation: "Returned" already implies going back, so "back" is unnecessary.
   • Right Sentence: "Bhairava returned to the house."

3. Redundant: "They each took turns one after another."

   • Explanation: "Each" and "one after another" are redundant because "took turns" already suggests this.
   • Right Sentence: "They took turns."

4. Redundant: "Deepika made a new innovation."

   • Explanation: An innovation is, by definition, new, so "new" is redundant.
   • Right Sentence: "Deepika made an innovation."

5. Redundant: "The end result was surprising."

• Explanation: "End result" is redundant because "result" alone implies the final outcome.
• Right Sentence: "The result was surprising."

🔁 Common Redundant Phrases (and Better Alternatives)

❌ Redundant Expression	✅ Better Alternative	💬 Why?
Repeat again	Repeat	“Repeat” already means “do again.”
ATM machine	ATM	“M” already stands for “machine.”
PIN number	PIN	“N” already means “number.”
End result	Result	The result is already the end.
Advance planning	Planning	All planning is done in advance.
Past history	History	History is always about the past.
Free gift	Gift	A gift is by definition free.
True fact	Fact	Facts are always true.
Added bonus	Bonus	A bonus is already an addition.
Close proximity	Proximity	“Proximity” means nearness.
Final conclusion	Conclusion	The conclusion is the final part.
Unexpected surprise	Surprise	A surprise is something unexpected.
Each and every	Each / Every	Using both adds no meaning.
Join together	Join / Combine	“Join” already means “bring together.”
Future plans	Plans	Plans refer to the future by nature.
Basic fundamentals	Fundamentals	“Fundamental” means basic.
Return back	Return	“Return” already means “go back.”
New innovation	Innovation	Innovation implies something new.
Advance warning	Warning	A warning is always given in advance.
Collaborate together	Collaborate	“Collaborate” already means work together.
Unexpected surprise	Surprise	Redundant repetition.
Completely full	Full	“Full” can’t be more than complete.

I hope you learnt your lesson....

Thank you.